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Fyr’n Ice Designs

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A short history of the Internet and the World Wide Web


Computer science was an emerging discipline in the late 1950's that began to consider time-sharing between computer users, and later, the possibility of achieving this over wide area networks.


ARPA awarded contracts in 1969 for the development of the ARPANET project, directed by Robert Taylor and managed by Lawrence Roberts.


Several early packet-switched networks emerged in the 1970's which researched and provided data networking.  ARPA projects, international working groups and commercial initiatives led to the development of various standards and protocols for internetworking, in which multiple separate networks could be joined into a network of networks.  Bob Kahn, now at DARPA, and Vint Cerf, at Stanford University, published research in 1974 that evolved into the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP), two protocols of the Internet protocol suite. The design included concepts from the French CYCLADES project directed by Louis Pouzin.


In the early 1980s, national and international public data networks emerged based on the X.25 protocol, the design of which included the work of Rémi Després. In the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded national supercomputing centers at several universities in the United States, and provided interconnectivity in 1986 with the NSFNET project, thus creating network access to these supercomputer sites for research and academic organizations in the United States. International connections to NSFNET, the emergence of architecture such as the Domain Name System, and the adoption of TCP/IP internationally on existing networks marked the beginnings of the Internet. Commercial Internet service providers (ISPs) emerged in 1989 in the United States and Australia.


The world wide web was developed in 1989 by CERN.


The first website was published On August 6, 1991, British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee published the first-ever website, Info.cern.ch, while working at CERN.  The site was dedicated to information on the World Wide Web project and ran on a NeXT computer at CERN.


CERN - The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (/sɜːrn/; French pronunciation: ​[sɛʁn]; Conseil européen pour la recherche nucléaire), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.